The right to boycott or engage in other activities to express opposition to the policies of the state of Israel toward Palestinians. [Ballot]

Sep 30, 2025 - Background Right to Free Speech, Assembly, and Equal Protection.  The U.S. Constitution as well as law and policies guarantee the freedom of speech as well as the right to peacefully assemble and equal protection under law.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2025-011

1,000 percent sales tax on political advertisements. [Ballot]

Oct 28, 2015 - Background Constitutional Free Speech Protections. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution limits the ability of governmental entities to abridge the freedoms of speech and petitioning government.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-061

1,000 percent sales tax on some political advertisements. [Ballot]

Dec 29, 2015 - Background Constitutional Free Speech Protections. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution limits the ability of governmental entities to abridge the freedoms of speech and petitioning government.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-106

Large health sector labor organizations’ political activities. [Ballot]

Nov 14, 2025 - The fiscal effect could be different if a court determined the measure —whether in whole or in part —inhibits political spending and activities by the impacted labor organizations such that it would impede their right to free speech.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2025-021

Initiative related to the ballot initiatives process [Ballot]

May 14, 2015 - Constitution —for example, in regards to the First Amendment, which prohibits the establishment of state laws abridging political speech. While the fiscal effect of the measure on state and local governments would depend on these implementation issues, as well as the number of initiatives filed that would be subject to this measure, we estimate that the fiscal effect would likely be negligi ble.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-014

Proposition 59 [Ballot]

Nov 8, 2016 - Supreme Court determined in the Citizens United case that independent expenditures made by corporations and labor unions are a form of speech protected under the Constitution. Based on this determination and related court decisions, government may not limit the right of corporations and labor unions to make independent expenditures.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=59&year=2016

Limitations of the activities of holocaust denial organizations. [Ballot]

Nov 20, 2015 - Given its restraint on free speech, a court may find this measure unconstitutional. If so, it would have no fiscal effect. If the measure could be implemented legally, the annual cost to state-funded educational institutions is unlikely to be significant statewide, but the cost for a particular local government in a particular year might be significant if it is sued and found to have violated the provisions of the measure.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-073

Oversight of certain public benefit artificial intelligence (AI) companies. [Ballot]

Jan 20, 2026 - The measure would have the following major fiscal effects: Increased state costs that would likely be in the tens of millions of dollars annually to establish and operate a new regulatory commission overseeing certain public benefit AI com panies.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2025-033

The California Safer Sex in the Adult Film Industry Act (Amendment #1-S) [Ballot]

Mar 3, 2015 - California ’s leading position in the adult film industry results from various factors, including the presence of the mainstream film industry ’s equipment and crews (some of which also work in the adult film industry) and stronger case law protections than in other states, including state Supreme Court precedent protecting adult film speech.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-004

Constitutional initiative related to medical marijuana. [Ballot]

Sep 8, 2015 - Impedes a patient 's ability to obtain, transport, or cultivate marijuana, so long as (1)  the method of obtaining, cultivating, or transporting marijuana is consistent with the business practices and/or cultivation practices used for other non-prohibited flora in the l aw ’s jurisdiction, and (2) no medical marijuana business or cultivation activities occur within 600  feet of a K-12 school, unless approved by local authorities.
https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2015-044