The Rise of Remote Work: Effects on California's Labor Market

May 6, 2026 - We find: Key indicators of remote work declined from their early ‑pandemic peak to 2023. Declines in remote work since 2023 have been quite modest. Rates of remote work remain elevated far above pre ‑pandemic levels.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5182

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Units 1, 3, 4, 11, 14, 15, 17, 20, and 21 (SEIU Local 1000)

Sep 7, 2023 - The largest Unit 20 classifications include Licensed Vocational Nurse, Self-Help Sponsor, Dental Assistant, Certified Nursing Assistant, and Pharmacy Technician. Unit 21: Educational Consultants and Library.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4799

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Unit 6 (Corrections)

Sep 7, 2023 - Health, Dental, and Vision Benefits. The report assumes that both entry-level and journey-level employees are enrolled in employer-sponsored health, dental, and vision insurance with policy coverage for a family.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4800

The 2025-26 Budget: Concession Bargaining

May 19, 2025 - Dental and Vision Insurance. The state pays the full premium cost for basic dental and vision benefits. The cost depends on whether the state pays for single, two-party, or family coverage. In 2022-23, providing dental and vision benefits to state employees cost the state $98  million (all funds).
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5047

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Unit 6 (Corrections)

Jun 23, 2025 - The vacancy rate across state civil service classifications has fluctuated in recent years from 15  percent in 2019 to 21  percent in 2023 to 17  percent as of May 31, 2025. Though much lower than statewide vacancy rates, the vacancy rate among Unit 6 classifications also has fluctuated from 8  percent in 2019 to 13  percent in 2023 to 9  percent as of May 31, 2025.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5058

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Unit 5 (Highway Patrol)

Aug 23, 2024 - The proposed agreement specifies that during the time that an employee is on parental leave, the employee would be allowed to continue their health, dental, and vision benefits; however, the cost of these benefits would be paid by the employee at the group rate.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4920

The 2023-24 Budget: Total Compensation Studies

May 24, 2023 - The department uses these data to compare wages and total compensation (including supplemental pay [including overtime], paid leave, insurance [including health, dental, and vision insurance], retirement, and legally required benefits) earned by employees in specific occupations employed by the state, private industry, local government, and federal government.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4773

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Unit 10 (Professional Scientific)

Aug 14, 2024 - Governor Presented —and Union Rejected —Last Best and Final Offer (LBFO) in December 2023. The mediation process ended on December 13, 2023 with the parties failing to reach an agreement. The administration submitted its LBFO to CAPS on December 19, 2023.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4918

MOU Fiscal Analysis: Bargaining Unit 9 (Professional Engineers)

Jun 27, 2025 - As of June 30, 2023, the state and Unit 9 have set aside $370.8 million to prefund the benefit and the unfunded liability associated with Unit 9 is $3.2 billion. The most recent actuarial valuation of Unit 9 retiree health benefits (as of June 30, 2023) estimates that the Unit 9 funding plan is on track to fully fund Unit 9 retiree health benefits by 2048.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5061

The 2024-25 Budget: Proposition 2 Debt Payment Proposals

Mar 20, 2024 - Apply 2023 ‑24 and 2024 ‑25 Proposition   2 Payments to Supplant State CalPERS Contributions in 2024 ‑25 and 2025 ‑26. Proposition  2 prevents the state from using a required debt repayment from supplanting funding that would otherwise be made available in the “fiscal year or the subsequent fiscal year. ” In this case, the 2023 ‑24 Proposition  2 payment cannot supplant the state ’s payments in 2023 ‑24 or 2024 ‑25.
https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4887